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Sorry, no VN font, gotta post it in Eng.
Preference shares do not always sit on liability. Preference shares may be issued with various rights, thus in determining whether a preference share is a financial liability/ an equity instrument, IAS32 requires assessing the particular rights attached to the share by drawing a distinction between:
1. Instruments mandatorily redeemable or redeemable at the holder’s option
2. Others (ie redeemable at the issuer’s option, or non-redeemable)
1.
A preference share that:
a) provides for mandatory redemption by the issuer for a fixed/determinable amount at a fixed or determinable future date; or
b) gives the holder the right to require the issue to redeem the instrument at or after a particular date for a fixed or determinable amount.
Contains a financial liability, because the issuer has an obligation/potential obligation to transfer cash/financial assets to the holder.
It is more correct to say that the instrument “contains” a financial liability, rather than that it “is” a financial liability. For example, if a redeemable preference share is issued on terms that any dividends paid on the share are entirely at the issuer’s discretion, it is only the amount payable on redemption that is a liability. This may lead to a “split accounting” treatment whereby the share at issue is classified as a liability to the extent of the NPV of the amount payable on redemption, and as equity as to the balance of the issue proceeds.
2.
A preference share or other instrument redeemable in cash at the option of the issuer ddoes not satisfy the definition of a financial liability because the issuer does not have a present obligation to transfer cash/financial assets to the holders. An obligation may arise, however, when the issuer of the shares exercises its option, usually by formally notifying the shareholders of an intention to redeem the shares. Likewise, if the preference share is non redeemable, it’s so clear that there is no financial liability in respect of the “principal” amount of the shares.
Then, the appropriate classification is determined by the other rights that attach to the share. Classification is based on an assessment of the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. When distributions to holders of the preference shares, whether cumulative or non-cumulative, are at the discretion of the issuer, the shares are equity instruments.
The classification of a preference share as an equity instrument or a financial liability is not affected by, for example:
a) a history of making distributions;
b) an intention to make distributions in the future;
c) a possible negative impact on the price of ordinary shares of the issuer if distributions are not made (because of restrictions on paying dividends on the ordinary shares if dividends are not paid on the preference shares);
d) the amount of the issuer's reserves;
e) an issuer's expectation of a profit or loss for a period; or
f) an ability or inability of the issuer to influence the amount of its profit or loss for the period.
(reference: Appendix Application Guidance AG 25- 26, IAS 32)
In a word, the "liability component" of preference share will sit in liability & its "equity component" will sit in equity, if the BS adopts IAS32.
Preference shares do not always sit on liability. Preference shares may be issued with various rights, thus in determining whether a preference share is a financial liability/ an equity instrument, IAS32 requires assessing the particular rights attached to the share by drawing a distinction between:
1. Instruments mandatorily redeemable or redeemable at the holder’s option
2. Others (ie redeemable at the issuer’s option, or non-redeemable)
1.
A preference share that:
a) provides for mandatory redemption by the issuer for a fixed/determinable amount at a fixed or determinable future date; or
b) gives the holder the right to require the issue to redeem the instrument at or after a particular date for a fixed or determinable amount.
Contains a financial liability, because the issuer has an obligation/potential obligation to transfer cash/financial assets to the holder.
It is more correct to say that the instrument “contains” a financial liability, rather than that it “is” a financial liability. For example, if a redeemable preference share is issued on terms that any dividends paid on the share are entirely at the issuer’s discretion, it is only the amount payable on redemption that is a liability. This may lead to a “split accounting” treatment whereby the share at issue is classified as a liability to the extent of the NPV of the amount payable on redemption, and as equity as to the balance of the issue proceeds.
2.
A preference share or other instrument redeemable in cash at the option of the issuer ddoes not satisfy the definition of a financial liability because the issuer does not have a present obligation to transfer cash/financial assets to the holders. An obligation may arise, however, when the issuer of the shares exercises its option, usually by formally notifying the shareholders of an intention to redeem the shares. Likewise, if the preference share is non redeemable, it’s so clear that there is no financial liability in respect of the “principal” amount of the shares.
Then, the appropriate classification is determined by the other rights that attach to the share. Classification is based on an assessment of the substance of the contractual arrangements and the definitions of a financial liability and an equity instrument. When distributions to holders of the preference shares, whether cumulative or non-cumulative, are at the discretion of the issuer, the shares are equity instruments.
The classification of a preference share as an equity instrument or a financial liability is not affected by, for example:
a) a history of making distributions;
b) an intention to make distributions in the future;
c) a possible negative impact on the price of ordinary shares of the issuer if distributions are not made (because of restrictions on paying dividends on the ordinary shares if dividends are not paid on the preference shares);
d) the amount of the issuer's reserves;
e) an issuer's expectation of a profit or loss for a period; or
f) an ability or inability of the issuer to influence the amount of its profit or loss for the period.
(reference: Appendix Application Guidance AG 25- 26, IAS 32)
In a word, the "liability component" of preference share will sit in liability & its "equity component" will sit in equity, if the BS adopts IAS32.
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