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BASES OF ACCOUNTING
Although there are hybrid systems that combine elements of both, the two most widely
used bases of accounting are the cash basis and the accrual basis.
Cash Basis. Under the cash basis of accounting, revenue is recognized when cash is
received and expenses are recognized when cash is disbursed. Many small businesses
and most individuals use the cash basis of accounting when preparing financial
statements and tax returns. A key reason for its popularity is that it is simple: any cash
coming in is treated as revenue while any cash going out is treated as expense. The cash
basis also allows individuals to shift (legally!) receipts and payments from one period to
another to reduce taxable income. Because the timing of receipts and disbursements will
influence reported profit (or taxable income), the cash basis doesn’t reflect true results of
operations for a period of time or true financial position at a point in time. And, since
timing of receipts and disbursements can distort reported information, many small
businesses as well as large corporations use the accrual basis of accounting.
Accrual Basis—Under the accrual basis of accounting, revenues are recognized when
they are realized and expenses are matched against revenue.
epsi: :two:
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